Originals

How Non-Conformists Move the World

Adam M. Grant

9 min read
50s intro

Brief summary

Originals argues that creativity isn't a rare gift but a choice to question default settings and manage risk. It explains how anyone can generate better ideas, persuade others, and drive change by making conscious choices to reshape their environment.

Who it's for

This book is for anyone who wants to challenge the status quo in their work or life but feels constrained by risk, fear, or convention.

Originals

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Questioning Defaults and Balancing Risk

Originality is not a fixed trait reserved for a gifted few, but a set of behaviors and choices that anyone can master. Progress often hinges on those who refuse to accept the world as it is. While most people gravitate toward "default" options—like the pre-installed web browser on a computer or the established rules of a profession—originals are characterized by the curiosity to ask why those defaults exist. This simple act of questioning reveals that many "fixed" systems are human-made and, therefore, reversible.

A common myth suggests that these agents of change are fearless daredevils who thrive on extreme risk. In reality, the most successful innovators are often surprisingly cautious. They don't jump blindly; instead, they manage a "risk portfolio." By maintaining stability in one area of their lives, such as keeping a steady day job, they gain the psychological and financial security needed to be truly radical in another. This approach allows ideas to be fully vetted and refined without the desperate pressure of immediate survival.

History is filled with examples of reluctant revolutionaries who had to be coaxed into the spotlight. From the founders of iconic tech giants to civil rights leaders and legendary artists, many hesitated for years, balancing their original pursuits with conventional careers. This cautious approach actually increases the odds of success. By learning to manage the fear and doubt that protect the status quo, even those who value social harmony can drive significant change. Originality is a conscious choice to mitigate risk, reject dissatisfying defaults, and reshape our environments.

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About the author

Adam M. Grant

Adam M. Grant is an organizational psychologist, bestselling author, and professor at the Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania, where he was the school's youngest tenured professor. A leading expert on motivation, generosity, and original thinking, his research explores the science of how people find meaning, rethink assumptions, and live more generous and creative lives. His work has earned him awards from the American Psychological Association and recognition as one of the world's most influential management thinkers.

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